A Brief Note On The System Safety Engineering - 2272 Words

ENGG7020 System Safety Engineering Assignment3: Literature Review Author Lixing Liang Student ID 44109989 Data October 18, 2016 Contents Introduction 3 Analysis techniques 3 SWIFT 3 Concept of SWIFT 3 Suitable situations 4 Application of SWIFT 4 FMEDA 5 Concept of FMEDA 5 Suitable situations 6 Application of FMEDA 6 THERP 6 Concept of THERP 6 Suitable situations 7 Application of THERP 8 Conclusion 9 Reference 10 Introduction: In this review, three different analysis techniques will be discussed, including Structured What If Technique (SWIFT), Failure Modes, Effects, and Diagnostic Analysis (FMEDA) and Technique for Human Error-rate Prediction (THERP). Each of them will be discussed in three aspects (concept, suitable situations and application). Analysis techniques: SWIFT: Concept of SWIFT: As a technique of risk identification, SWIFT is flexible and focus on high level. It can be run alone, or as a portion of a staged method to achieve more efficient use of bottom-up methods like FMEA (Failure Modes and Effects Analysis) [1]. By concentrating on high-level procedures, SWIFT can often be conducted more rapidly than more detail-oriented approaches. In fact, an industrial case showed that a SWIFT risk assessment could be conducted in as little as one-third of the time required for a HAZOP (Hazard and Operability study)-based approach [1], a result that was replicated in a study comparing SWIFT to HFMEA (Healthcare Failure Modes and Effects Analysis) in aShow MoreRelatedThe Goal Of Implementing Both Programs Is To Minimize Process1303 Words   |  6 Pagesincidents by evaluating the whole process of our operations to identify and mitigate process safety hazards. STRATEGIC ALIGNMENT The recommendation for change was based on our founding principles and three core values which are: Integrity: Doing the right thing, and we will not take the easy way out. Safety: Taking proactive approaches to identify/prevent safety issues and take immediate action when a safety issue is identified. Accountability: We believe in taking accountability for our actions. Read MoreThe Effect Of Lean Production On A Process Plant Essay1138 Words   |  5 PagesREVIEW OF â€Å"THE USE OF LEAN PRODUCTION IN A PROCESS PLANT† HARRY DEBOLE Griffith School of Engineering, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD4222, Australia This paper presents a review of the use of Lean Production in a process plant. It defines lean production as a process putting into consideration the history and the reason it was formulated. It also considers the application, benefits and the barriers to the effective maximization of the process. Keywords: Lean Production, Process plant, DefinitionRead MoreRoles And Responsibilities Of Managing Director1674 Words   |  7 Pagesissues. Also attached to the network will be printers, telephone systems, fax machines and possibly a building security system. They may also design and maintain the company website. They may also be tasked with creating programs or systems specific to the business such as stock control ordering inputting. Quality The quality Department incorporates Quality Control and Quality Assurance and plays an important role in an engineering/manufacturing company as the company succeeds by producing goodsRead MoreManaging Director : The Executive Of The Company1666 Words   |  7 Pagesissues. Also attached to the network will be printers, telephone systems, fax machines and possibly a building security system. They may also design and maintain the company website. They may also be tasked with creating programs or systems specific to the business such as stock control ordering inputting. Quality The quality Department incorporates Quality Control and Quality Assurance and plays an important role in an engineering/manufacturing company as the company succeeds by producing goodsRead MoreEngineering Performance-Based Fire Codes5830 Words   |  24 PagesPreliminary views on implementing Engineering Performance-Based Fire Codes in Hong Kong: What should be done? Abstract Engineering performance-based fire codes (EPBFC) are to be developed in Hong Kong. Before implementing EPBFC, or even writing down what should be done, such as the fire safety objectives, current prescriptive fire codes should be understood. This will be a very big project to be tackled step by step, certainly not regarded as a normal consultancyRead MoreColumbia Shuttle Essay962 Words   |  4 Pagesrole is on the role group assignment page in Blackboard. You reach this page by clicking on Groups from the course home page, locate your assigned role and click on that group. If you have difficulties locating your group please contact me. You will note that there are some features to the video (such as a timeline and a calendar and NO back button) that is different from other videos you may have watched. All of the material that you have will be located on your simulated Desktop after you view yourRead MoreWhat Makes A Good Assessor? Essay1487 Words   |  6 Pagesstill expect s ome tangible return on your investment beyond a report. Your assessors will be looking for waste. When and where they find waste, in its many forms, and how to eliminate it should be an expected deliverable. The following is a very brief overview of some things you should look for when hiring a consultant to assess the opportunities for Lean at your company. This also applies to the progress you have made so far if assessing for benchmarking purposes. This is NOT an exhaustive listRead MoreHealth Information Technology1521 Words   |  6 Pagesprogram is divided into four focus areas. This program brings together researchers, healthcare providers, and other health IT sector stakeholders in order to transform the research products into practice. This program is designed to improve quality, safety and efficiency of healthcare using advanced information technology. According to Healthit.gov â€Å"current adoption rates of health IT in different states we see that some states are better than others† [1], hence this program is designed to find theRead MoreSupply Of Good Quality Electrical Power1834 Words   |  8 Pagesstandards was implemented, how network planning could have influenced the current and future configuration of the network, how maintenance was being executed on the assets, what elements actually made up the physical asset, and the use of engineering tools and systems such as Power Quality recorders, Performance Data Analysis Software, Maintenance Management software, Geographical data and software to navigate this. Number of people and their commitment to the investigation: 1 x Network Planner,Read MoreCar Manufacturers And The Automotive Industry1750 Words   |  7 Pagesof scientists and engineers regarding harm and benefits of owning an electric vehicle. A successful electric car company, Tesla Motors, Inc., was used in this report to illustrate a successful example on how the financials look like. Finally, a brief note that touched base on how the future of the electric vehicle may look like in the future Electric Cars (Past, Present Future) Introduction The history of automobiles is deeply rooted in the global industrial revolution. It wasn’t

Short Expository Being Different - 732 Words

A few years ago I noticed I had something unusual which made me dissimilar to most people, in fact everybody. At this time it was depressing with everybody looking at you just staring, no considerations for your feelings. What got up my back was small minded people laughing at me or pointing at me as if I was an outcast of society. In the past I kept myself isolated because it was my breathing space and in that environment the world for me was less complicated than reality. I constantly wondered if people were scrutinising my appearance. Why do people judge this book by its cover? There is only one ‘flaw’. One difference. Just one. And yet it seemed to matter so much. What gives them the right to look at me and act like Im something they pick off the back of their shoe? Back then I was vulnerable and had low self esteem. In addition I was mentally exhausted. I wanted to escape from the cruel reality of the world. I tried to achieve this by listening to music in my bedroom or having a stroll in the woodland - where I could for a short while blank out the hate. Furthermore, the thought of moving from primary to secondary was very daunting. The first couple of weeks I followed my old class mates like they were the piped piper to try to blend in. Soon they found new friends so I spent most of my time alone in the library. I was very lonely and had a feeling of depression. Would whisper (loud enough so you would hear), laugh and point. This built up so much anger andShow MoreRelatedRelationship Between Prior And Subsequent Learning Experiences1727 Words   |  7 PagesRelationship to Prior and Subsequent Learning Experiences Students were introduced to expository text in a previous lesson and understand how it differs from narrative text. I used their science textbook to introduce the structure of expository text. The students know that when they are reading expository text, they are reading for information. Since structural components vary based on the text, we will continue to explore the components (cause/effect, compare/contrast, sequence, description, andRead MoreExpository Writing : Writing, Expository, Persuasive, Descriptive, And Narrative757 Words   |  4 Pageson some cargo shorts with a tank top and slides you’re probably not going to a job interview. Just like anything else, writing has different expressions. Writing is a form of communication; the person is writing to inform, persuade, describe, or tell a story. There are four main types of writing styles, expository, persuasive, descriptive, and narrative. We then choose what we want to read according to our interest in each ca tegory. Let’s look at expository writing. Expository writing is usuallyRead MoreThe Pros and Cons of Student Preaching1379 Words   |  6 Pagesmain factor is we must learn to understand the basic principles of Expository, Topical and Textual preaching. It will serve as a safety net for any student preacher to follow. This safety net will help them become fisher of men to reach their congregation, the lost and the world as well as to become builders in the Kingdom of God. The Difference between Expository, Topical and Textual Preaching The difference between Expository, Topical and Textual preaching is very easy to understand once you seeRead MoreNight by Elie Wiesel1271 Words   |  6 Pagesforms: Expository Persuasive Imaginary THE PROMPT The prompt or stimulus is what must be addressed in relation to the texts you have explored. Sometimes there may be an image as well as text Discussion of the prompt is the prime task of your writing You can agree or disagree with the prompt You can give a point of view as well as a personal reflection/experience. TWO TASKS CONTEXT WRITING: Over the next three weeks, you will write one piece in each of the three forms: Expository, PersuasiveRead MoreJoyce Carol Oates The Cruelest Sport Summary1020 Words   |  5 PagesAmerican writer Joyce Carol Oates is an expository writer that provides a successful informative piece about the dangers of boxing. This sport has been shadowed by events that influence athletes to prolong their careers with dangerous intuitions. In â€Å"The Cruelest Sport,† Oates implements exposition, narration, modes, and tone to effectively persuade her audience of the threats boxing impose. First and foremost, Oates exposition in â€Å"The Cruelest Sport† implements direction for how her informationRead MoreMy Chosen Programme Of Gok Wan1460 Words   |  6 Pagesshare the same modes. ‘Goks Fashion Fix’ depends heavily on the expository mode, in the beginning of the programme short clips are played of previous episode to make the audience understand what the programme aims to achieve and also gives them an insight of what’s going to come up next. In this way the audience will want to watch the programme to the end believing that it will meet their expectations. Another element of the expository mode in Goks Fashion Fix is the voice-over linking it with visualRead MoreEssay on Reading Comprehension1328 Words   |  6 Pagesreader can comprehend the meaning of that text. Since narrative, expository, and poetic texts all have different reasons for being written, and different forms of presenting the text, different strategies are needed to comp rehend these texts. There are also many reading strategies that can be used for all of these types of text. In order to describe strategies to help develop activities that facilitate comprehension of narrative, expository, and poetic texts one must first have an understanding of whatRead MoreThe Freedom Writers And Romeo And Juliet905 Words   |  4 Pagesbeen a requirement at the two schools I attended, Century Community Charter Middle School and Animo Inglewood High School. Every year in middle school and in High School english would be on my schedule, sometimes even with two different english classes a year. We read different writing pieces, wrote essays, and learned techniques that help us develop our reading and writing skills. In middle school the writing tasks were easier and funner than high school. We read books like the Diary of Anne FrankRead MoreWhat Was The Most Import Thing769 Words   |  4 Pagesthe most import thing in the reading? â€Å"Most: Principles are not in and of themselves a model or method of instruction, but rather relationships that may underlie any model or method. These principles can be implemented in a variety of ways by different models and methods of instruction. However, the effectiveness, efficiency, and engagement of a particular model or method of instruction is a function of the degree to which these principles are implemented.† There are multiple ways to provideRead MoreToday’S Classroom Visit Was Quite Different Than Any Other1602 Words   |  7 PagesToday’s classroom visit was quite different than any other time that I have been in Mrs. Kingston’s class. Due to the fact that March is Reading month is coming to a close tomorrow, Mrs. Kingston had to adjust her schedule for today and tomorrow because the students have an assembly and book buddies that they have to participate in, which are not normal Friday activities. All of this to say that today was a treated more as a catch up day. Students spent most of the morning catching up on their handwriting

SME Product Development Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the SME Product Development. Answer: Identify the supportive evidence related to selected clients project: Model SWOT analysis is used as a business model to enable an accurate understanding of strength and weakness of the business. Company X is SME business organization provides food products to catering trade. The management of the company considers creating a mobile application for the customers. After analyzing the business operations of Company X, new opportunities and threats are identified. Strengths Allows customers to find out offered products based on online platform Advertise products and services among potential customers (Jones et al. 2014). Display real time price of food items within market Weaknesses Create of mobile application without drain of the battery Use of personal information of the users those are buying food items There is huge cost behind development of mobile application (Silva et al. 2015). Opportunities Competitive advantage into operating markets Active on online platform to distinguish one brand from others (Phan 2014). Attaching of large customer base Develop mobile app using Google play developer access, description of paid or free access and store listing name Threats There is threat of malware that sends unsolicited messages to the users and provide attacker control over the mobile device (Tang et al. 2017). Privacy threats caused by the mobile application and gather of sensitive information required to perform the function Contain of flaws that are exploited for malicious purposes such as attacker to access of sensitive information and stop mobile devices from online functioning Industrys related information Company X is a SME that requires of developing mobile application for the customers. The scope of the study is to develop a mobile application for the company X. It is required to have mobile devices in the workplace for enhancement of customer base for success of their food business. Due to use of mobile applications, 62 percent of the worlds population is changing mind of the customers on particular brand. By development of the mobile application for Company X, the company allows the customers to find out for the offered products to customers on online platforms (Dasgupta et al. 2016). The mobile application is used to check the necessities as well as demands of the customers. It is used to check for real time market price and receive of information about the location of potential customers. The application advertises products and services among the customers within the food marketplace. It indicates of product distribution to customers based on clients requirements. The customers are attached to the mobile application by providing those offers as well as discounts and achievement of competitive advantage within the market (Tang et al. 2017). The food industry requires icons of supported size for the mobile application such as iOS, @1x, @2x images and Android. There is a requirement of Splash screens of the supported sizes, screenshots for corrected sizes with necessary languages. In order to develop of mobile application for Company X, there is a need of app descriptions with necessary languages, list of supported devices with OS version. Supportive evidence meets the objective In order to meet the objective of Company to develop mobile application for food industry, the application makes better platform for the business and potential customers. Based on online platform, the company gets good visibility on internet to make huge profit for the business. With help of mobile application, the organization can see review and feedback of the food industry (Phan 2014).The food items are ordered online by assessing of mobile application and get it delivered directly at the residence. The food business is expanded globally by development of the mobile app for food industry. The bills are also paid online for the ordered food items. The infrastructure component of food industry is required to place to support throughout mobile application. When development of application is based on food industry, then various elements are taken into consideration such as total price, business climate, and machinery and food items. It is an application for food ordering management. T he app finds for nearest location and allows looking at the menu of the restaurant (Silva et al. 2015). The food delivery application connects with people around them and the customers use this food mobile app for putting order of food and bills are paid throughout online platform. The app is also used to take feedback of the customer on delivered food items. It gets benefit of the customers instead of personally going to the customer to take the feedback. References Dasgupta, N., Ranjan, S., Mundra, S., Ramalingam, C. and Kumar, A., 2016. Fabrication of food grade vitamin E nanoemulsion by low energy approach, characterization and its application.International journal of food properties,19(3), pp.700-708. Jones, V.M., Wijk, R.A., Duit, J., Widya, I.A., Bults, R.G., Mendes Batista, R., Hermens, H. and Noldus, L.P., 2014. Mobile monitoring application to support sustainable behavioural change towards healthy lifestyle. Phan, H., 2014. Cross Platform Mobile Application Development. Silva, B.M., Rodrigues, J.J., de la Torre Dez, I., Lpez-Coronado, M. and Saleem, K., 2015. Mobile-health: A review of current state in 2015.Journal of biomedical informatics,56, pp.265-272. Tang, L., Wang, D., Hu, W., Che, X., Hu, G. and Li, X., 2017. Application and exploration of mobile internet technology in the field of food production license verification.Journal of Food Safety and Quality,8(3), pp.1078-1082. Tang, L., Wang, D., Hu, W., Zhu, Q., Che, X., Zhong, G. and Li, X., 2017. Application effect of mobile internet technology in the field of food production license on-site verification.Journal of Food Safety and Quality,8(8), pp.2903-2906.

Rape Essays (545 words) - Rape, Violence, Sexual Abuse, Sex Crimes

Rape Nichole Moraila Bio 027 Essay I On October 25, a 12-year old girl, student of Willard Middle School was sexually assaulted by 9 boys for over five hours. After the sexual assault the girl was transferred to another school, Martin Luther King Jr. Middle School. On November 8, the same girl was lured to a secluded area of campus and raped by a 13 year old boy. The next day the boy was arrested on charges of rape and he was then released to his parents. The girl has since been taken out of school. The sexual assault on October 25 was the first sexual assault in all three middle schools since the early 90's. Seven of the nine boys who were involved in the October 25, sexual assault have been arrested and are currently in juvenile hall. According to the Alameda prosecutors there was no evidence of sexual intercourse during the gang assault. Since the police did not learn of the assault until October 27, doctors would not conduct a rape test since the girl had bathed in the two days since the first sexual assault. In an attempt to not alarm parents, district officials have tried not to divulge the fact that the victim was the same in both assaults. On November 15, Martin Luther King Jr. Principal Neil Smith issued a letter to parents mentioning the sexual assault at Willard Middle School and also mentioned that ``last week, two students were engaged in sexual activity in the bushes during lunch time''. The two incidents were never tied together by Mr. Smith. Parents have since learned that there was a common victim in both incidents and they are outraged. It's very scary to think that incidents like these can happen in your city and neighborhood. Why do these things happen? Is it all of the anger, frustration and curiosity about sex that causes these incidents? Would sex education help in preventing crimes like these? Perhaps if parents made more of an effort to discuss sex with their children at a younger age, like maybe 2-3 years of age, they may feel more comfortable about both themselves and sex. If they are educated about sex this might ease some of the frustration and natural curiosity that can occur during their adolescent years. Also, by discussing sex with your children they may feel more at ease when they have questions or problems regarding sex. Most children and adolescents learn about sex from the media and their friends, and most of the information they are taught is false. Yes, Principal Smith at Martin Luther King Jr. told parents of the sexual assault at Willard Middle School, but he didn't want to alarm parents, so he elected only to share that on Nov. 8, sexual activity had occurred in the bushes. Rape certainly does deserve cause for alarm. Mr. Smith never mentioned the word rape to the parents. Despite the fact that movies, television shows and music videos are full of sex, it seems that we're only supposed to look at it but not talk about it. Parents and students both need to know what is happening in their schools and neighborhoods to further protect themselves. Talking about sex seem like a good way to begin. Human Sexuality

History and Origins of Wheat Domestication

History and Origins of Wheat Domestication Wheat is a grain crop with some 25,000 different cultivars in the world today. It was domesticated at least 12,000 years ago, created from a still-living ancestor plant known as emmer. Wild emmer (reported variously as T. araraticum, T. turgidum ssp. dicoccoides, or T. dicocoides), is a predominantly self-pollinating, winter annual grass of the Poaceae family and Triticeae tribe. It is distributed throughout the Near Eastern Fertile Crescent, including the modern countries of Israel, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, eastern Turkey, western Iran, and northern Iraq. It grows in sporadic and semi-isolated patches and does best in regions with long, hot dry summers and short mild, wet winters with fluctuating rainfall. Emmer grows in diverse habitats from 100 m (330 ft) below sea level to 1700 m (5,500 ft) above, and can survive on between 200–1,300 mm (7.8–66 in) of annual precipitation. Wheat Varieties Most of the 25,000 different forms of modern wheat are varieties of two broad groups, called common wheat and durum wheat. Common or bread wheat Triticum aestivum accounts for some 95 percent of all the consumed wheat in the world today; the other five percent is made up of durum or hard wheat T. turgidum ssp. durum, used in pasta and semolina products. Bread and durum wheat are both domesticated forms of wild emmer wheat. Spelt (T. spelta) and Timopheevs wheat (T. timopheevii) were also developed from emmer wheats by the late Neolithic period, but neither has much of a market today. Another early form of wheat called einkorn (T. monococcum) was domesticated at about the same time but has limited distribution today. Origins of Wheat The origins of our modern wheat, according to genetics and archaeological studies, are found in the Karacadag mountain region of what is today southeastern Turkey- emmer and einkorn wheats are two of the classic eight founder crops of the origins of agriculture. The earliest known use of emmer was gathered from wild patches by the people who lived at the Ohalo II archaeological site in Israel, about 23,000 years ago. The earliest cultivated emmer has been found in the southern Levant (Netiv Hagdud, Tell Aswad, other Pre-Pottery Neolithic A sites); while einkorn is found in the northern Levant (Abu Hureyra, Mureybet, Jerf el Ahmar, Gà ¶bekli Tepe). Changes During Domestication The main differences between the wild forms and domesticated wheat are that domesticated forms have larger seeds with hulls and a non-shattering rachis. When wild wheat is ripe, the rachis- the stem that keeps the wheat shafts together- shatters so that the seeds can disperse themselves. Without hulls, they germinate rapidly. But that naturally useful brittleness doesnt suit humans, who prefer to harvest wheat from the plant rather than off the surrounding earth. One possible way that might have occurred is that farmers harvested wheat after it was ripe, but before it self-dispersed, thereby collecting only the wheat that was still attached to the plant. By planting those seeds the next season, the farmers were perpetuating plants that had later-breaking rachises. Other traits apparently selected for include spike size, growing season, plant height, and grain size. According to French botanist Agathe Roucou and colleagues, the domestication process also caused multiple changes in the plant that were generated indirectly. Compared to emmer wheat, modern wheat has shorter leaf longevity, and a higher net rate of photosynthesis, leaf production rate, and nitrogen content. Modern wheat cultivars also have a shallower root system, with a larger proportion of fine roots, investing biomass above rather than below ground. Ancient forms have built-in coordination between above and below ground functioning, but the human selection of other traits has forced the plant to reconfigure and build new networks. How Long Did Domestication Take? One of the ongoing arguments about wheat is the length of time it took for the domestication process to complete. Some scholars argue for a fairly rapid process, of a few centuries; while others argue that the process from cultivation to domestication took up to 5,000 years. The evidence is abundant that by about 10,400 years ago, domesticated wheat was in widespread use throughout the Levant region; but when that started is up for debate. The earliest evidence for both domesticated einkorn and emmer wheat found to date was at the Syrian site of Abu Hureyra, in occupation layers dated to the Late Epi-paleolithic period, the beginning of the Younger Dryas, ca 13,000–12,000 cal BP; some scholars have argued, however, that the evidence does not show deliberate cultivation at this time, although it does indicate a broadening of the diet base to include a reliance on wild grains including the wheat. Spread Around the Globe: Bouldnor Cliff The distribution of wheat outside of its place of origin is part of the process known as Neolithicization. The culture generally associated with the introduction of wheat and other crops from Asia to Europe is generally the Lindearbandkeramik (LBK) culture, which may have been made up of part immigrant farmers and part local hunter-gatherers adapting new technologies. LBK is typically dated in Europe between 5400–4900 BCE. However, recent DNA studies at Bouldnor Cliff peat bog off the northern coast of mainland England have identified ancient DNA from what was apparently domesticated wheat. Wheat seeds, fragments, and pollen were not found at Bouldnor Cliff, but the DNA sequences from the sediment match Near Eastern wheat, genetically different from LBK forms. Further tests at Bouldnor Cliff have identified a submerged Mesolithic site, 16 m (52 ft) below sea level. The sediments were laid down about 8,000 years ago, several centuries earlier than the European LBK sites. Scholars suggest that the wheat got to Britain by boat. Other scholars have questioned the date, and the aDNA identification, saying it was in too good a condition to be that old. But additional experiments run by British evolutionary geneticist Robin Allaby and preliminarily reported in Watson (2018) have shown that ancient DNA from undersea sediments is more pristine than that from other contexts.   Sources Avni, Raz, et al. Wild Emmer Genome Architecture and Diversity Elucidate Wheat Evolution and Domestication. Science, vol. 357, no. 6346, 2017, pp. 93–97. Print.International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium. A Chromosome-Based Draft Sequence of the Hexaploid Bread Wheat (Triticum Aestivum) Genome. Science, vol. 345, no. 6194, 2014. Print.Fuller, Dorian Q, and Leilani Lucas. Adapting Crops, Landscapes, and Food Choices: Patterns in the Dispersal of Domesticated Plants across Eurasia. Human Dispersal and Species Movement: From Prehistory to the Present. Eds. Boivin, Nicole, Rà ©my Crassard and Michael D. Petraglia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017. 304–31. Print.Huang, Lin, et al. Evolution and Adaptation of Wild Emmer Wheat Populations to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses. Annual Review of Phytopathology, vol. 54, no. 1, 2016, pp. 279–301. Print.Kirleis, Wiebke, and Elske Fischer. Neolithic Cultivation of Tetraploid Free Threshing Wheat in Denmark and Nort hern Germany: Implications for Crop Diversity and Societal Dynamics of the Funnel Beaker Culture. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, vol. 23, no.1, 2014, pp. 81–96. Print. Larson, Greger. How Wheat Came to Britain. Science, vol. 347, no.6225, 2015. Print.Marcussen, Thomas, et al. Ancient Hybridizations among the Ancestral Genomes of Bread Wheat. Science, vol. 345, no. 6194, 2014. Print.Martin, Lucie. Plant Economy and Territory Exploitation in the Alps During the Neolithic (5000–4200  cal Bc): First Results of Archaeobotanical Studies in the Valais (Switzerland). Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, vol. 24, no. 1, 2015, pp. 63–73. Print.Roucou, Agathe, et al. Shifts in Plant Functional Strategies over the Course of Wheat Domestication. Journal of Applied Ecology, vol. 55, no. 1, 2017, pp. 25–37. Print. Smith, Oliver, et al. Sedimentary DNA from a Submerged Site Reveals Wheat in the British Isles 8000 Years Ago. Science, vol. 347, no. 6225, 2015, pp. 998–1001. Print.Watson, Traci. Inner Workings: Fishing for Artifacts beneath the Waves. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 115, no. 2, 2018, pp. 231-33. Pr int.

Old English, Parvus sed Potens

Old English, Parvus sed Potens Old English, Parvus sed Potens Old English, Parvus sed Potens By Maeve Maddox Since I am currently participating in an Old English seminarwere translating BeowulfIm especially sensitive to anything that may seem like a slur on Old English, the fascinating language that was the origin of modern English. Todays post is inspired by a readers comment taken out of context. (See Sues remarks in context at Among/Amongst. Theyre really quite amusing.) Reflect on the fact that 50% of the words were using here were stolen from other languages and the other 50% were invented by Shakespeare to plug the gaps. The remark, taken literally, implies that Modern English vocabulary owes nothing to that of Old English and this is the idea that I want to address. True, its estimated that surviving native forms make up only about one-sixth of the enormous vocabulary of modern Englishalthough how this percentage is arrived at is not clear to me since no one seems to be able to agree as to how many words make up the vocabulary of Modern English. According to Michael Quinion at Worldwide Words, estimates of Shakespeare’s vocabulary vary from about 18,000 to 25,000 in various books, because writers have different views about what constitutes a distinct wordyou’d think it would be easy to assess [Shakespeares] vocabulary But estimatesvary from about 18,000 to 25,000because writers have different views about what constitutes a distinct word. Writing on this subject in Slate in 2006, Jesse Sheidlower mentions an entity called the Global Language Monitor. GLM claimed then that the English vocabulary consisted of 988,968 words. GLM is still counting. As of September 9, 2008, the total given on their website is 996,444. The point that Id like to make is that although the native OE vocabulary may be small compared to the Latinate words that came into the language during Shakespeares time, and the deluge of words from every language of the earth weve adopted since that time, the fact remains that wed be unable to say much without them. Take the comment quoted above as an example of our reliance on Old English vocabulary. The comment contains 33 words. Im counting 50% (fifty percent), were (we are), and Shakespeare (shake+spear) as two words each. Take out the repeated words and that leaves 27. Result: 70% of Sues vocabulary in this comment relies on good old Old English! Words of Old English origin: on, the, that, fifty, of, words, we, are, here, were, stolen, from, other, and, other, by, shake, spear, to Words derived from other languages: Latin: reflect, fact, percent, invented Old French: using, languages Dutch: plug Old Norse: gaps Here is Sues comment shorn of its Old English vocabulary. Reflectfact%usinglanguagesinventedpluggaps One of my favorite Latin expressions is Parvus sed potens (small but mighty). Old English vocabulary may have dwindled in proportion to the new words, but it remains the most useful and important part of the modern language. One of my favorite English quotations is this one from the Old English poem The Battle of Maldon: Hige sceal à ¾e heardra, heorte à ¾e cenre, / mod sceal à ¾e mare, à ¾e ure mà ¦gen lytlaà °. The poem describes the last stand of some English warriors fighting invading Danes in CE 991. Its an Alamo situation. The English lose, but they dont run. Freely translated it says: Our resolution will be the firmer, our hearts will be the keener, our spirits will be stronger as our power lessens. If words could be said to have attitude, Id say thats the attitude of Old English vocabulary in modern English. Vive Old English! Quinion article Sheidlower article Global Language Monitor Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the General category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:7 Types of Narrative ConflictGrammar Quiz #21: Restrictive and Nonrestrictive Clauses50 Synonyms for â€Å"Villain†

The Dynamic Nurse-Patient Relationship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Dynamic Nurse-Patient Relationship - Essay Example This essay discusses Orlando’s nursing model, the dynamic nurse-patient relationship, and analyzes how this theory can be applied to nursing practice at the individual, family/group, and community/population levels. Introduction Ida Jean Orlando formulated her theoretical models of nursing in relation to her theory of dynamic nurse-patient relationship, and expanded them to involve the distinctive role of nursing in patient care. She examined the aspects that reinforced or hampered the incorporation of mental health doctrine in the curriculum of basic nursing. She developed the dynamic nurse-patient relationship model to provide nursing practitioners a model of efficient nursing practice. She investigated nursing patient care on medical-surgical settings, not individuals with psychiatric disorders in psychiatric facilities (Orlando, 1961). She recognized three aspects of nursing practice: the uniqueness and creation of nursing knowledge, the professional role of nurses, and th e relationship between nurse and patient. A nursing context comprises the patient’s behavior, the nurse’s response, and all that does not alleviate the patient’s suffering. Patient distress is associated with the failure of the person to satisfy or express his/her needs. Orlando’s Nursing Model The dynamic nurse-patient relationship is derived from the assumption that the relationship between the nurse and patient is mutual, which means that the behavior or decision of one influence the other. Orlando (1961) argues that the nursing role is different from the medical role and that the response of nurses is based on the urgent needs, demands, and experience of the patient. Basically speaking, the theory claims that nursing is one-of-a-kind and autonomous because it focuses on the need of an individual for help or support, actual or probable, in an urgent condition. The manner by which nurses relieve this vulnerability is reciprocal and is performed in a clo sely controlled or profession way that requires education and expertise. Orlando (1961) argues that one’s behavior or response must be derived from reason, not set of rules. Her theory is regarded to be an interactive model for it suggests a particular practice of planned, purposeful one-to-one nurse-patient relationship to reinforce the best nursing care intended to take care of a patient’s needs. The nursing process is activated by the behavior of the patient. The behavior of a patient, regardless how trivial, should be seen as a call for help. Patient behavior could be expressed verbally and nonverbally. When a patient needs something that cannot be met without the aid of another person, vulnerability or helplessness arises. If the behavior of a patient does not clearly express a precise description of the need, then setbacks in the relationship between the nurse and patient may occur and make it hard for the nurse to sufficiently deal with the need of the patient. A better understanding, appreciation, or resolution of incapable patient behavior becomes a main concern for the nurse for the condition will probably deteriorate sooner or later and make sufficient care, or the delivery of required assistance or support, more and more problematic. The response, decision, and behavior of the nurse are aimed at alleviating unproductive patient behavior and satisfy urgent needs as well. Patient behavior triggers a nurse response, which is the beginning of the nursing process. Proper or correct nurse response is composed

Bristol 2015 Green Capital of Europe, impact report Essay

Bristol 2015 Green Capital of Europe, impact report - Essay Example London, UK: Penguin Books 10 Simpson, R. and Zimmermann, M. 2012. The Economy of Green Cities: A World Compendium on the Green Urban Economy. London, UK: Springer Publications 11 Introduction Following the recent alarming rate of global warming and subsequent climate change, there has been increased calls and even introduction of new national and international policies that aim at ensuring individuals, organisations both for profit and non-profit engage in practices that are environmentally friendly and do not endanger climatic conditions nor increase the rate of global warming (McKibben, 2012). Equally, to promote these initiatives of environmental conservation various awards have been introduced in order to recognize the individuals, organizations, government agencies, and places that promote eco-friendly practices, which greatly contribute towards a reduction of global warming and even the damaging effects of climate change (Simpson and Zimmermann, 2012). One such award is the Eur opean Green Capital Award that is normally awarded to a European city, which has proven beyond doubt that it has promoted and instituted eco-friendly practices within the city and this are demonstrated by the actions of the city residents as well as the organizations that operate within the city including the government agencies and departments. Cohen (2011) added that the European Green Capital Award is normally issued as a reward to the efforts that have been made within the chosen city in improving the economic and environmental conditions, and even the quality of life for the urban dwellers. This present paper is an impact report on the award that was issued to Bristol City for the year 2015 by the European Green Capital Award. The report is divided into a three part series of which the first part analysis the key aspects of corporate social responsibility on a business framework that incorporates economic, social, and environmental issues. The second part details on how McDonal d’s Restaurant, which is located in Bristol show evident of triple bottom line in its practices and how generally the European Green Capital Award encourage business managers to embrace more initiative in keeping with the triple bottom line. The third part of the report details on the operational benefits that are sought and achieved from the evidence gathered from McDonald’s restaurants that have been scrutinized from the parameters of triple bottom line. Part 1 Triple Bottom Line With reference to the writings by Louiseize (2006), he wrote that the triple bottom line was developed as a framework for measuring the concept of sustainability within organizations. Jeurissen (2000) on his part stated that the triple bottom line is an accounting concept that not only measures the traditional accounting figures such as profits, shareholders’ value, and return on investments but rather it spans further to measuring the social and environmental aspects of an organizati on. Savitz (2012) stated that the triple bottom line concept provides a perfect framework for calculating the level of sustainability of a business, which is calculated basing on three factors that are classified as profits, people, and the planet. Whilst calculating the triple bottom line, Epstein (2008) stated that there is no defined standard of measure that is universally accepted, this is

The Spanish Settlement Essay Example for Free

The Spanish Settlement Essay During the 17th century, many nations started settling all throughout North America. Spanish conquistadors claimed much of the Southwest, while England began to occupy the Northeast. The Spanish and English colonies varied in terms of the impact of religion and control of the economy. The Spanish and English colonies varied in terms of religion such as immigration and opinions on salvation. Starting in the late 1500s and early 1600s, conquistadors such as Vasco Nunuez de Balboa and Herman Cortes of the Spanish empire first started to make their way into the New World. Known for their mantra, â€Å"Gold, Glory, God†, the main reason for their expansion was for power and wealth. In the Spanish church, the Pope decided who went to Heaven. This scared most Roman Catholics of the Spanish Empire into following the rules of the church. The Spanish ships arrived containing soldiers of the Spanish empire as well as Franciscan Friars, or priests of the Roman Catholic Church. The priests began converting Native Americans to Catholicism. The Spanish believed that by converting the Native Americans, the natives would be saved from an eternity spent in Hell. (This belief led them to demand tribute from the Native Americans.) Due to the notion that the Pope grants entrance into heaven, King Phillip III of the Spanish Empire fulfilled any demand the head of the church had. When the Pope insisted the Roman Catholic Church needed more money, King Phillip III made it a requirement for converted Native Americans to pay tribute to the Spanish using gold and silver bullion. On the other hand, English settlers came to the New World to practice their religion freely. After England broke away from the Roman Catholic Church in the 1500s, The Church of England was founded and all of England was forced to belong. The Puritans did not agree with ways of the Anglican Church. After years of being punished by King Charles I for not obeying the Church of England’s rules, the Puritans came to the New World. The colonists founded the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1629 as a way to reform parts of the Protestant religion. One major aspect of the Anglican Church that the Puritans wanted to reform was the belief that one’s actions on earth determined entrance into Heaven. The Puritans believed in predestination, a belief that God decides who will go to Heaven and Hell before birth. A Puritan’s actions on Earth were evidence of who was going to heaven. The Spanish and the English came to the New World for different reasons. The Spanish came to expand their empire through religion. The  English wanted religious freedom. The Spanish settlers had strong ties back the Spanish empire; all tribute that Native Americans aid to the Spanish settlers was sent back to the Spanish empire and Roman Catholic Church. Because the English setters came to the New World to distance themselves from England, the colonists of New England were mostly on their own. Because of this, English settlers were more independent and self-sufficient. The cultures also had different ideas about salvation. The Spanish believed that leaders of the church decide who goes to heaven. The English believed that their fate was predestined, and that God chose who will go to heaven before birth. Because of the Spanish settlers reliance on the church officials, the English settlers show more independence than the Spanish. Another difference between the Spanish settlers of the Southwest and English settlers of New England were their views on acceptable ways to treat the Native Americans economically and on proper handling of wealth. The Spanish used the encomienda system to acquire wealth. Under this system, an ecomendero was granted a specific number of Native Americans to protect from other tribes and teach the Spanish language to. In exchange, the encomendero could force the Native Americans to pay tribute in forms of bullion and labor. Eventually, the native people began to die off from the harsh labor and foreign diseases that the Spanish brought from Spain. The Native Americans rejected Spanish control and returned to their customs. Angered by this, the Spanish captured 46 Pueblo leaders, which started the Pueblo Revolt. After years of fighting, the Spanish regained control. In New England, relationships with local Native Americans started out peaceful. The Native Americans and settlers of New England began to trade with each other. Native Americans, who were used to their elementary weapons, acquired better weapons from the Europeans. This once beneficiary exchange between the two cultures eventually grew tense. As years went on and more settlers came to America, conflicts arose. An agreement formed between Dutch settlers of New York and the English settlers of New England about the division of the Pequot lands. When no immediate decisions were reached of who would gain the land, New Englanders started to settle in the area without notice. The Pequot took this unplanned invasion as a form of attack, and fought back. After a series of attacks, New England called for reinforcements from allies. By joining forces with Plymouth and the Narragansett people, the  English gained control of the lands. In Spanish settlements, the economy revolved around mercantilism. The colonies were founded to economically compliment the Spanish empire by sending all wealth back to Spain. Foreign ships were prohibited to enter Spanish ports to keep a positive balance of trade. On the other side of the New World, the English colony of Plymouth initially set up a communal society. The entire community shared the land and helped farm. This later proved to be unsuccessful, and the land was divided up. In New England, farming was possible, but not particularly successful. The rocky soil and short growing season made growing the majority of crops difficult. The English settlers found the most profit in fishing and large trading ships. Since the colonists of New England were independent, from England, all profit made from farming and fishing stayed in the colonies. The Spanish and English battled with Native Americans of the Southwest and New England. The Spanish settlers, coming from a large empire, already had the taste for conquering other nations. Defeating cultures was a foreign concept to the people of New England. Their humble victory over the Pequot people resulted in unexpected success. The Spanish and English had similar economies with major differences. The Spanish economy was based on mercantilism. This gives evidence of ties back the Spanish empire, who ruled Spanish settlements. The English colonists traded with Europe, but also raised crops and cattle for themselves. While the Spanish sent their gained wealth back to Spain, the English settlers were able to make a profit. Because the Spanish settlements economy was created to benefit the Spanish empire, English settlers are more independent than the empire reliant Spanish. The Spanish and English settlers varied due to the English settler’s independence. The Spanish settlers showed more dependent on Spain, while English settlers showed independence when it came to treatment of Native Americans and economically using resources widely. The colonists of New England were better prepared for life on their own, and eventually gained control of all of America.

World Trade Organizations or developed Countries Organization? :: Essays Papers

Organizations or Developed Countries Organization? World Trade Organizations or developed Countries Organization? In the 16th century, England had a lot of colonies, which were located in Africa. At that time, the primary function of colonies were to supply raw materials to England, and England can sold all the finished products to the colonies in order to make profits. This story is the beginning of international trade. In the 21st century, international trade is more busy than ever. According to comparative advantage theory, each country should specialize and produce those products if the country has a comparative advantage on those products, and use those products to trade with other countries in order to achieve specialization and exchange theory. However, during the trade process, it may have a lot of problems coming out, so a world organization were established in order to solve those problems and try to make trade into a smooth process. The World Trade Organization (WTO), was established in 1st, January, 1995, which was created during the Uruguay Round Negotiations. There are 146 countries as a member in the WTO. The main functions of a WTO are administering WTO trade agreements, as a forum for trade negotiations, handling trade disputes and monitoring national trade policies. One of the main function of the WTO are to enforce GATS (General Agreement on Trade in Services) and TRIPS (Trade-Related Intellectual Property). But what is TRIPS? It is agreements, which protect invent innovation and design around the world. In other words TRIPS is used to protect copyrights, trademarks which developed countries already, owns most of the shares on these. According to WTO, although TRIPS will bring a short term cost to developing countries, and only short term benefits for developed countries. In the long term it can encourage innovation, discovery in the developing countries. Once the developing country reaches certain levels on protection copyrights or trademark, this TRIPS agreement will benefits to every single person. To explain the short-term benefits to the developed countries, as I have mentioned before, most of the patents, copyrights owned by developed countries, if developing countries want to produce a product that have patents on it, the develop ing countries need to pay a royalty to developed countries or the corporation owns the right. In this TRIPS’ agreement, my argument is this agreement really helps the developing countries to become more innovation, discover, or is just the industrial countries want more money from the poor countries.

Human resource management of McDonald Essay

MCDONALD’S CORPORATION: McDonald’s Corporation is the world’s largest chain of hamburger fast food restaurants which serves approximately 68 million customers on daily around 119 different countries and haves 30,000 restaurants worldwide. McDonald’s headquarter is in Oak Brook, Illinois, USA and company was started as a barbecue restaurant in 1940 by Richard and Maurice McDonald. In 1948, owners of the company reorganized the business to a hamburger stand and thereafter in 1955 businessman Ray Kroc joined the company as the first franchise agent. Ray Kroc purchased the chain from the McDonald brother and made it grow worldwide. (McDonald Corporation) The corporation itself either operates a McDonald’s restaurant or by a franchisee. McDonald’s Corporation revenues are obtained from the rent, fees paid by the franchisees, royalties and the sales from the restaurants operated by McDonald’s Corporation. McDonald’s Corporation had annual revenues of $28.15 billion in the year 2013 whereas their profits were $5.6 billion. (Yahoo finance) McDonald’s product line includes selling hamburgers, cheeseburgers, french fries, chicken items, breakfast items, desserts, milkshakes and soft drinks. Due to changing consumer taste and to survive in this competitive and ever changing environment McDonald’s Corporation has added salads, wraps, fish, fruit and smoothies to its menu list. (McDonald Corporation) PURPOSE OF MCDONALD’S CORPORATION: The main purpose of McDonald’s Corporation is to serve fast food and to do everything that can be done to respect the  customer and to have customer trust in their brand. WHY I CHOSE MCDONALD’S CORPORATION: Following are the reasons why I choose McDonald’s Corporation 1. McDonald’s Corporation is one the world largest and leading fast food chain 2. McDonald’s Corporation employs 1.8 billion people worldwide and they have one of the best HR practices 3. McDonald sells almost 75 hamburgers every second which attracts any HRM student to study their HR practices BUSINESS MODEL OF MCDONALD’S CORPORATION: McDonald earns its revenues from investing in properties, as a franchiser of a restaurant and as an operator of restaurants. Almost 80% of the company restaurants are operated by franchisees, which are bound to pay 4% of their revenue to McDonald, as well as the rent. In most of the cases, McDonald owns both the building and land which results in a stable flow of income making the franchisees bear most part of the risks. The remaining 15% of restaurants are owned and directly operated by McDonald. Considering the business model of other fast-food chains the business model of McDonald is different. Other than franchisee fee and the marketing fees that are calculated as sales, McDonald do sometimes collect rents that are also considered as sales. Other than revenues generated from the franchise agreement, McDonald may also own or they can lease the property where McDonald’s franchises are located. According to the policy of McDonald, the business does not involve itself in making any direct sale of food or any other material to its franchisees but it organizes the food and materials required for the franchises through an approved third approved logistic operators. McDonald’s is also involved in identifying the locations, developing new products and quality. HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: Human resource management is an approach by which company’s most valued assets (people) are managed. For any company to achieve success its human resource has to individually and collectively contribute and this can only be achieved through proper management. Proper management of company human resource not only help the company to achieve its objective, but they achieve it with greater efficiency. Human Resource Management helps the organization to achieve its desired goals and success  by the help of its people. Human Resource Management, therefore, is utilized in the creation of decision on the plans of the organization. These plans are linked with employee relationships, recruitment, training and development, performance management and rewards for employees. Therefore, human resource strategies developed are to be in line with organization business plan to help the business to be successful. MCDONALD’S HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: McDonald’s Corporation in order to achieve success and competitive advantage developed it human resource management strategy focused on four areas A) STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT: McDonald’s human resource strategies and practices were synchronized to the company business strategy and thereafter the HR department helped to realized the business plan or strategy by forming it into company HR practices in relation of personal development and hiring. B) MANAGEMENT TRANSFORMATION AND CHANGE: One of the way HR function of McDonald helped organization to achieve competitive advantage is by identifying the changes required and thereafter implementing it. This strategy served as a catalyst for company successful growth. C) EMPLOYEE MANAGEMENT: HR department tried to understand the problem which employees face daily and what are their needs and thereafter making an effort that their problems are solved and their needs were met. D) MANAGEMENT OF ORGANIZATION ADMINISTRATION: It was made sure by HR department that the process of employees hiring, training, evaluating, rewarding and promotion were designed in such a way that they were in line with the strategies of McDonald. In order to align these four focus area following things were done by McDonald 1. PERSONNEL STRUCTURE: As the business model of McDonald shows that it generates most of it revenues from franchising, therefore, there are three categories in their structure which are corporate staff, restaurant workers and franchisees. The control staff which either operates from company headquarter or regional offices is responsible for controlling and managing the franchises to make sure that standards of McDonald are maintained and the products are delivered at time. Restaurant worker constitutes the biggest part of company structure. They are controlled through supervisors who report to assistant manager. Most of this staff works on part time basis and are paid on an hourly basis. Finally, the  franchises that are managed by their owners but according to the standards set by McDonalds. 2. PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT: In order to make sure that productivity is always high the HR department has put a process in order to know which staff is not working according to the desired expectations and what solution is to be implemented to bring that staff up to the required expectations. This is done by performance review of employee that can be done anytime or the interim performance review which is carried out after each six months. Based on these performances reviews it is decided which staff will get promoted which staff requires training so his performance can be increased. This way of management not only serves as motivation for employees, but it also creates a competitive environment among the staff which in turn helps the productivity of employees to increase. 3. MOTIVATION & REWARD: Since most of McDonald staff have low wages and are paid on an hourly basis which results in large staff turnover, therefore, company has to make sure that their staff is motivated and they keep them motivated by awarding staff with different reward schemes and other perquisites. This not only increases their motivation to work for McDonald but also helps them to increase their productivity 4. TRAINING: McDonald spends almost $10 million each year and trains approximately 55,000 employees to make sure that make sure that their employees have valuable skills that are needed. At first all new employees are given introduction about the company and thereafter staff trainers train them properly to make sure they develop all required necessary skills to work in the organization. It is made sure thereafter that these employees know how to use the latest foodservice equipment and they understand all McDonald’s operational procedures. To make training much easier McDonald has published step-by-step manuals, video tapes and quality reference guides which explain each and every detail of the job process. Employees are also taught communication, interpersonal and organizational skills. This enables their employees to do their job at the best possible way and, therefore, they serve the customer with highest standards making McDonald’s customer  service as one of the best in fast food supply companies. 5. MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT: McDonald has designed McDonald Development Program (MDP) to develop leadership skills within employees so they can be successful leaders. Various courses of this programme are held for employees of different level of management and for franchisees. CONCLUSION: McDonalds now a day is one the fastest growing corporation and this is due to the reason of proper management of their human resources. This clearly shows that the corporation is on the right track and they have been able to keep the motivation levels of their employees high. This has been done by proper reward schemes for the employees based of their performances. Proper training is provided to the newcomer making it much easier for new employee to pick up and to get comfortable with the job quickly. However, if McDonald’s Corporation continuously strives to further improve its HRM strategies then McDonald can continue to grow at much more faster pace. Hence it can be concluded the HRM strategies of McDonald’s Corporation is in line with their business model and growth strategies and this can be verified from their success up to this date. REFERENCES Ingmar, B., Carl, F., & Hyeon, J., (2007). Institutional theory and MNC subsidiary HRM practices: evidence from a three-country study. _Journal of International Business Studies,38,_430-436 Paula, C., (2014). Many moving parts: Factors influencing the effectiveness of HRM practices designed to improve knowledge transfer within MNCs. _Journal of International Business Studies,45,_ 63-72 Seeking Alpha (2014), McDonald’s: Business Model, Valuation And Minimum Wage Legislation, ​Retrieved March 22, 2014, from http://seekingalpha.com/article/2052223-mcdonalds-business-model-valuation-and-minimum-wage-legislation UK essays (2003), Evaluating Human Resource Strategies Implemented by McDonalds, Retrieved March 22, 2014, from http://www.ukessays.com/essays/business/evaluating-human-resource-strategies-implemented-by-mcdonalds-business-essay.php McDonalds (2014), Corporate Info, Retrieved March 22, 2014, from, http://www.mcdonalds.com/us/en/our_story/Corporate_Info.html Yahoo finance (March 2014), Income Statement​, Retrieved March 22, 2014, from, http://finance.yahoo.com/q/is?s=MCD+Income+Statement&annual

China’s Foreign Policy Towards International Actors Essay

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY China has one of the four oldest civilizations in the world and a written history of 4,000 years. China’s long history includes eras of primitive society, slave society, feudalism and semi feudalism, semi-colonialism and the present socialist society. The Chinese are very proud of their society. They value their own culture and religion but are open and pragmatic towards the religions and cultures of others. Chinese people in general are peaceful, hardworking and easily contented. They respect authority and elders and are patient with their fellows. They will, however, push and sacrifice for their children. The Chinese value modesty, reserved behavior and humility. They believe in harmony and tend to avoid confrontation. Chinese culture gives the Chinese people their basic identity. These core values are unique and consistent, shaped by a tradition of four thousand years of history and maintained by the same language. There is only one set of core values in the Chinese national culture, despite all the differences among these people and their societies. This cultural value system is uniquely Chinese that distinguish itself not only from Western cultures, but also from other Eastern cultures (for example, Japanese culture). China is now a global actor of significant and growing importance. It is involved in regions and on issues that were once only peripheral to its interests and it is effectively using tools previously unavailable. It is no longer necessary to emphasize integrating China into the existing constellation of norms, rules, and institutions of the international community; by and large, China is already there. It is influencing perceptions, relationships, and organizations all over the world. China’s international behavior is clearly altering the dynamics of the current international system, but it is not transforming its structure. China’s global activism is driven by an identifiable set of perceptions, objectives, and policies—some are long-standing and others are more current. Both China’s foreign policy objectives and its policies have evolved in the last decade but with more change in the latter than the former. In this sense, China has a distinct foreign policy strategy, to the extent that any nation has one. China’s strategy is best understood as comprising multiple layers, each adding to an understanding of the totality of it. This monograph analyzes these layers, assesses the challenges for China in implementing its strategy, and evaluates the implications for Bangladesh and other countries interests and policy. The monograph analyzes the content, character, and execution of China’s foreign policy towards International actors. It examines how China views its security environment, how it defines its foreign policy objectives, how it is pursuing the objectives and the consequences for other countries economic and security interests. The breadth and the rapidity of change in China’s international activities are daunting to analyze, let alone to understand.

A&P summary essays

A&P summary essays In "As transition to adulthood in a much more innocent time. In the story, Sammy begins the story bored and despondent and ends up as hero, if only to his own knowledge. Here, the characters and setting of the story work together to establish a theme of maturation. This is done by showing what Sammy does and is early on, how the girls affect him, and what he eventually does not just for them, but also for himself. When we first meet 19-year-old Sammy, he is working for the summer at an As bored with his town and its "two banks and the Congregational church and the newspaper store and the three and three real-estate offices" (16). We suspect he thinks there must be more to the world than his small town "north of Boston" has to offer. (16) This change, however, when three girls stroll into the At quite frizzed right, and one of those sunburns right across under the eyes, and a chin that was too long" (15). The one that really catches Sammys eye, however, is "the queen," the one who "kind of lead" the other two. (15) Sammy is captivated by Queenie, as he calls her, with her beige bathing suit with a little nub all over it," her "white p ...

How to Find a Job With Public Relations Expert Ryan May

How to Find a Job With Public Relations Expert Ryan May Ryan May has 12 years of public relations experience under his belt, and it’s taught him quite a bit about finding a job, something he shares among other insights on the Minnesota Public Relations Blog. We spoke with Ryan about what PR can teach us about a job search. What can job seekers learn from public relations?Public relations or PR is a unique industry, as it touches on so many different industries. To be in PR means you have to be prepared to learn about every industry your clients need.How important is your online footprint? Can you really lose out on a job thanks to a tweet?Having a strong online footprint is very important, but ensuring that it is strategic and thoughtful is more important. Don’t post stuff to social media that is not good for your long-term reputation. Job seekers have definitely lost out on job opportunities because of their tweets or Facebook posts.What mistakes  do you see employers making when they’re looking for job candidates? Employers often overlook excellent candidates because they don’t have a high enough GPA. If a candidate has a solid B average and has been working three jobs while going to school, they should not be overlooked because they don’t have a 3.5 GPA.What are some urban legends you’ve seen floating around about hiring mistakes these days, and is there any truth to them?There are plenty of urban legends about today’s job search. My favorite is that the more resumes you send out, the better your odds of finding a job. This idea is completely wrong. Find a job you want, and then thoughtfully work on networking your way into the job.What should everyone looking for a job be doing to better promote themselves?Not everyone needs a blog, but everyone today should have a website to outline their skills.

What have you learned about Asian culture (you may wish to distinguish Essay

What have you learned about Asian culture (you may wish to distinguish between various countries and cultures) in this course - Essay Example The discussion will be based on the analysis of a number of films being produced in the region. The films chosen for the analysis are: Seven Samurai by Akira Kurosawa, Hanabi by Takeshi Kitano, Apur Sansar by Satyajit Ray, Salaam Bombay! by Mira Nair, Red Sorghum by Zhang Yimou, and Chungking Express by Wong Kar-Wai. The paper will examine how the variations of Asian culture are presented in these films. Before going into any further discussion on the nuances of Asian culture, it is important to understand what culture means. A general definition of culture argues that the concept of culture can be best described as â€Å"a shared, learned, symbolic system of values, beliefs and attitudes that shapes and influences perception and behaviour. It is an abstract ‘mental blueprint’ or ‘mental code’.† Concepts and ideas of culture can be studied by means of exploring behaviour, customs, material culture (artefacts, tools, and technology), language, etc. of a particular community or region. So to say, culture is a learning process through which a community or society can be studied both at individual and collective levels. This process of learning one’s culture can be labelled as enculturation. One of the characteristic features of culture studies is that there is nothing like a ‘culture of one’, it is a collective possession shared by a ll the members of a society. Commonness in behaviour, customs and other traditional practices can be achieved by mutual construction of a culture by means of a constant process of social interaction. Besides, culture, language and thought are based on symbols and symbolic meanings. Apart from this symbolic nature, the definition of culture features arbitrariness and habitualness as culture is internalized and created by humans. Coming to the more specific discussion of the Asian culture, it is characterized by the concept of cultural variation. Some of the most important ingredients of Asian culture are: Asian art,

Risk management in Toyota Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Risk management in Toyota - Essay Example The quality of the Toyota cars, introduction of premium brands like Lexus in tune with the tastes and fashions prevailing in the American markets, its collaboration with the leading player General Motors subsequently, entrenched the brand ‘Toyota’ firmly into the USA. The success story of Toyota could be summed up from one of its slogans in the 1980s â€Å"Who could ask for anything more†. The product profile of the company has undergone changes to include larger and luxurious vehicles. The corruption charges leveled against the UJF Bank, one of the largest shareholders of Toyota with Toyota’s Chairman as a director was a setback to the company’s diversification strategy into financial services. Also, the over concentration in the already developed American and European markets over the period of time could strategically affect its leadership position in the global market in future. The financial risk is related predominantly to the issue of capital structure and leverage, but the business risk largely dependent upon the economic conditions, and the study of risk management in relation to a company like Toyota needs to focus on the macro economic factors. This paper seeks to analyze risk management perspective of the company in relation to the prevailing global economic conditions, its strategic outlook to changes in the environmental factors globally and other internal factors related to risk management. Currents status and evaluation of risk management The international economy has undergone drastic changes in the recent years consequent upon the stupendous growth of emerging economies, especially the BRIC (Brazil, Russia, China and India) countries and the credit squeeze in the aftermath of subprime crises in the developed nations. However, it is pertinent to note that the emerging economies have not been affected by the subprime crisis, as these countries have been insulated from the world economy by virtue of the continuin g regulations in these countries, especially in the financial services sectors, and their exposure to international banking system has been very limited. A cursory glance of US Vehicle Sales from 1984 to 2010 from Penton Media (2011), as given in Appendix I and II, which more or less coincides with Toyota’s establishment in the USA reveals the growth (or lack of growth) over the period of time. Competition The market for Toyota is very competitive. For example, Toyota’s competitors Suzuki of Japan and Hyundai of South Korea have well established facilities for manufacturing, marketing and servicing in India. The local manufacturer Tata Motors has aggressively priced its small car Nano around INR 100,000 which works out to just US$ 2400 approximately. Volume is going to be the name of the game in the emerging economies like India, China and Brazil. Jie, R. (2010) reports: â€Å"China has overtaken the United States and Japan to become the world's largest car manufactur ing country in 2009.† While Toyota was concentrating more and more on developed markets, its competitors have made inroads into the emerging markets, where Toyota is lagging behind the local as well as the international players. Realizing the potential in the small car segment in India, Chevrolet has introduced the model ‘Spark’ at INR 279,000 which works out to US$ 6200 approximately since ‘value for money’ or pricing is a crucial factor in influencing the consumers’

Population Health in South Africa Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Population Health in South Africa - Essay Example Any crucial health promotion effort, would therefore need a thorough knowledge of the epidemiologic factors and their distributions (Ugen, Bendinelli, and Friedman, 2002, 1-24). HIV transmission is known to occur by both homosexual and heterosexual contacts; by blood and blood products; and by infected mothers to infants either intrapartum, perinatally, or via breast milk. It has been intensely investigated since its discovery, but till date there is no evidence that HIV is transmitted by casual contact or that the virus can be spread by insects, which are commonly people's perceptions. HIV infection/AIDS is a global pandemic; every country has its share of this burden. It has been currently estimated that the number of cases of HIV infection among adults is 37 million worldwide. Unfortunately, two-thirds of whom are in sub-Saharan Africa, and about 50% of these cases are women. In addition, an estimated 2.5 million younger than age 15 children are living with HIV/AIDS. Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) undertook study in 2003, and they declared there were an estimated 5 million new cases of infection worldwide. Calculating on a daily basi s, more than 14,000 new infections occur each day which ultimately lead to 3 million deaths. In this way, AIDS becomes the fourth leading cause of mortality throughout the world. The cumulative number of deaths out of AIDS and from conditions related to AIDS exceeded 20 million in the year 2003. The epidemiologic patterns of HIV occurrence in the world is in the forms of "waves", with each wave demonstrating little difference in characteristics which are determined by the demographics of a specific country or a region. It is also determined by the time when the HIV was introduced into the population. This indicates, in different regions of the world, different types of virus may be prevalent (UNAIDS/WHO, 2006, Chapter 4). Demographically and statistically, HIV/AIDS in different regions of the world provide evidence that although the epidemic was first recognized in the United States and thereafter in Western Europe, it most likely indexed in sub-Saharan Africa. The major mode of transmission of HIV worldwide is heterosexual sex unquestionably; since the beginning of the AIDS epidemic in developing countries, where the numbers of infected men and women are approximately equal, the same pattern had been particularly prevalent. Knight has computed the South African data in relation to population and HIV/AIDS in 2006. This comprehensive document highlights many interesting facts in relation to the disease burden of South Africa. These data are important since it is a fact that AIDS epidemic has had a devastating impact on Africa, particularly in South Africa. A mid 2007 data indicate the population in South Africa of 47.9 million with 51% women. Approximately 32% of this population is children of age 0 to 14 years, 5% are older, and 63% belong to age group 15-64, who are working. The burden of the disease becomes more conspicuous

Character, theme and narrative in the soap opera Essay Example for Free

Character, theme and narrative in the soap opera Essay From watching one particular episode of the famous soap Eastenders I was able to attain plenty of information and reference to certain areas of a soap. There are specific codes and conventions to particular narratives that are easy to identify. Obviously in each soap, the same sort of things occur and the audience can recognise this, thus such an appeal for soaps. In this single episode of Eastenders, the themes included are easily identifiable as being part of a soap. It includes all the drama in everyday life within one session of 30minutes. We are able to see potential fights, arguing, loving and a typical goodie and baddie scenario. Also there is mention of wedding and divorce, evidently showing mixed emotions. Furthermore, a noticeable feature of Eastenders is that there is a comic relief as there is a build up of suspense and tension, then a scene change to Patrick who supplies the audience with moments of laughter, along with a small selection of other characters. Location is an immense feature to Eastenders. There are a number of places you anticipate to be featured in each episode the Queen Vic pub being the most notorious. Also within one street (square) there is 6 places of work all featured in this one episode. The jobs all being inter-gender and featuring different types of characters who play different roles with a wide range of age gaps. Ie. Garage, launderette, cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½, E20 nightclub and a B B. In this 30 minute slot, which in Eastenders time is one full day from early morning to late night, we are able to see the pub closed, quiet and busy. Also when the pub is featured, the concentration is only on a conversation involving just two people, although you can hear other characters in the atmos, they are not seen. This is where camera angles become important. Over the shoulder shot is most commonly featured throughout when showing a clip of two characters talking. Also whilst in the middle of a conversation there is a sharp camera swap to a close -up view of the person speaking, which only last for a few seconds. These are things that the audience take for granted but need plenty of thought and trials. There is only one point in the episode where one person is shown alone this being Peggy Mitchell who is talking to herself and allowing the viewers to empathise with her and share her emotions. She is a dominant family-heading female who is stressing her unhappiness to the viewers. This is when we see a wider range of camera angles used as the photographers want us to see her differently and also let us see the setting and background which is a clever tactic so we can recognise where she is and what her method of thinking is. Also the cameras seem a similar distance away from each character, and this means they never raise their voice and throughout the same volume of speech is enforced. A synopsis of what is actually happening in the episode is a number of storylines revolving around each other most of them having some sort of link or connection. The storylines are as follows : * Phil Mitchell after his disturbed ex-wife Lisa and his baby * A triangle love situation between Little Mo, comical Billy and Mr. Nasty Trevor. * Sonias relationship with both Gus and Jamie * Janines flirting and misleading this linking into events occurring in the bed and breakfast. * Toms mental state of mind * Jim Brannan losing his job and Ricky in desperate need of one There is also other small ones developing but these are the main pinpointed ones. The storylines are age specific, therefore aimed at a wide range of viewers. In addition to this as storylines build up and characters become uneased in the episode, there seems to be no atmos/background music to dramatise the situation, which is a convention often employed by soap-makers. No music at all is used throughout the episode, excluding the catchy and easily remembered theme tune at the beginning of the soap. Also the mini-cliffhangers at the conclusion of the soap is followed by the distinctive tune. This soap, like most others has no graphics used or clear use of modern hi-tech technology. There is just a simple, straightforward map of the East end of London at the beginning with the River Thames flowing through. This being very eye-catching and appealing. On the whole it is obvious to see that one 30minute episode of a soap can include so much detail, information and thought.

Love in twelfth night Essay -- essays research papers

Love in twelfth night In the play twelfth night, Shakespeare covered three types of love : Lust, true love and brotherly love. Love is one of the most confusing and most misunderstood emotions that we as humans posses. Love is an extremely diverse emotion which is why it was used as the main topic in twelfth night. Lust, which is probably one of the most confusing types of love was an apparent subject in twelfth night.There are many reasons why one would lust, one could be because you are attracted to a specific quality of a person or could maybe only like there looks or even just thing like there charisma. Shakespeare showed lust between Orsino and Olivia. Even though Orsino had not met or even seen Olivia, he was still madly in love with her. Lust is defined as an intense but temporary wanting of a persons attention or love. Orsino tried to capture the heart of Olivia through out the play, and lusted for her because he was attracted by her grieving for her family. It was thought by Orsino that She would have an intense love for him if she loved her family so much. As the play moves forward, Orsino actually meets Olivia but he loses his lust for her, and instead loves Viola ( formerly Cesario). Shakespeare also used lust between Malvolio and Olivia. Malvolio thought that Olivia had fallen in l ove with him (as the reader knows this was a joke being played on Malvolio). This grew a larger ego bubble on Malvolio. He thought that she truly wanted his love, and thusly his ego ...

Role of Internet / Web Technology on Modern Public Administration

Role of Internet / Web Technology on Modern Public Administration The Internet has become as one of the most important form of communication media in and among public administration. Communication is an essential part of every field. The effects of web technology on how we communicate in the field of Public Administration on wider biases. Public Administrators communicate easily and fast way with the use of internet. Such as, they delivered a matter or message in a minute by an email.Business meeting are done by video conferences such as, if someone is not present in the meeting, we can communicate with, we can see and listen his comments with the use of internet in just a minute. Public administrators can access everywhere all over the world through internet. They can reach both rural and global areas. They can get the every type of information from internet. They can watch, listen, and read the news from internet. They can access the international markets and international affairs. The construction and management of the World Wide Web sites are becoming essential elements of modern public administration.Administrators are now facing a great challenge. They are required to achieve new goals in an increasingly shorter time. But that is not mean to enhanced transparency, greater efficiency and higher levels of citizen services; they also want to reduce costs. Only web technology fulfills these requirements. Administrators should build modern systems for offices is their extensive use in the Internet architecture and the use of such elements, which ensure gathering of all information, security, and ease of data circulation and the possibility of their versatile use by authorized persons.Administrators should attend the conferences, where latest technologies are presented. Using these new technologies, the Authority may significantly reduce the cost of all transactions, improve efficiency, ensure transparency and accountability, as well as meet all expectations. R ole based access control (RBAC) is a technology that reduced the complexity and cost of security administration in large networked applications. The concept and design of RBAC is perfectly suited for use on both intranets and internets. It provides a secure and effective way to manage access to administration web information.Web technology allows administration to share with the public a variety of information in unlimited quantities on demand. Technology is also available to allow citizens to bring issues of concern to the attention of local, regional and national administration. However, exploiting these capabilities within administration systems is a challenge that surrounds environmental, policy, legal, and cultural issues. Establishing effective administration requires openness, transparency, collaboration and skill in taking advantage of the capabilities of the World Wide Web.The World Wide Web has an opportunity to provide guidance in support of administration objectives by p romoting existing open web standards and noting the challenges external to the web and technology. The World Wide Web also facilitates the development of new open web standards needed by administration in context. Public managers are looking for ways to fully exploit the advantages of Web services technology for improving service delivery. Now a day it is impossible to work without web technology in public administration. Impact of cyber Crime on Pakistan Economics Cyber crimes are increasing day by day in Pakistan from last some years.According to cyber crime unit, only few cases have been seen 4 to 5 years ago, but the ratio of these cases increased tremendously now. In Pakistan, the ratio of cyber crime is low as compared to developed countries. There are a number of cyber crimes in Pakistan including cyber pornography, sale of illegal articles, online gambling, intellectual property crimes, email spoofing, cyber stalking, forgery, unauthorized access to computer systems or netwo rks, theft of information contained in electronic form, virus attacks, Trojan attacks, Internet time theft, password cracking and financial cyber crimes.According to cyber crime unit, the hacking of ATM card numbers and bank accounts are tremendously rising in Pakistan. There are no effective systems to reduce these crimes. And number of crimes increases day by day in Pakistan. For this reason, no one wants to invest money in Pakistan. Foreign investors does not take interest to invest money, even they move their business from Pakistan to some other countries. Not only foreign investor, Pakistani investors also does not invest their money in Pakistan due to defective security system. Due to this, Pakistan lost hundreds of thousands jobs.The ratio of unemployment increased that affect the Pakistani economy badly. The ratio of inflation also increased due to this the value of Pakistani currency decreased. Tax and revenue system of government also affected due to this. Because governme nt lost the revenue in the shape of tax that they collected the companies removed. In short, Pakistan economy badly affected due to increased in cyber crimes. Government should want to make an effective system to removed cyber crimes. Federal Investigation Association (FIA), a cyber crime unit working in Pakistan to remove these crimes. _____________________________

Hewlett Packard Swot Analysis Essay

The Hewlett-Packard and Compaq merger decision case study provided many points necessary in the understanding of why these two companies would undergo a risky business venture. Compaq was a company that began successfully with record setting financial statements, but in an attempt to expand its market, threatened company stability. With the acquisition of Tandem Computer and Digital Equipment Corporation, Compaq experienced decreased revenues resulting in their inability to fully recover. In a competitive information technology market, HP was one of the industry leaders. Due to a failure to be proactive to market changes, HP grew stagnant and looked to reinvent company strategies through newly appointed President/CEO Carly Fiorina. Competitive advantages for both HP and Compaq included imaging and printing segment and high performance PC technology respectively. Management’s reasons for the merger included their assumption that together, HP and Compaq would be able to replicate and overtake competitors. Oppositions to the merger included a decrease in shareholder interests, a reduction of focus for company core competencies, and an unprofitable future. Several financial advisors and industry analysts were in agreement that the proposed merger would not be in the best interests of either company. Despite the uncertainties, information gathered and forecasts projected were in favor of the merger, which resulted in shareholder approval and the merger of Hewlett-Packard and Compaq Computer. SWOT Analysis In researching Hewlett-Packard’s present-day company position, a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis was conducted. Strengths found include HP’s strong market position internationally and on the domestic end, a successful growth throughout large acquisitions, and a considerable brand value. HP currently has a 28.6% market share in the United States of America while internationally they stand at 17.7%. As the current number one leader in PC sales, HP has a solid market position. Although the strengths are allowing HP to maintain market position, there are also weaknesses present in all companies. Compared to other companies in the same industry, Hewlett-Packard lacks significant software product and management consulting services. As a result, Hewlett-Packard’s weakness is its weak market segment integration. HP is able to answer consumer demand when it comes to PC technology and imaging and printing software, but they fall short in t he software product creation and consulting services to combine with their successful departments of PC technology and imaging and printing services. As Hewlett-Packard continues to grow and seek an increase in market position, opportunities surface. A spin-off of the PC technology business, entering the cloud computing market, and expanding imaging and printing solutions portfolio are opportunities HP has going forward. In placing more emphasis on the PC technology aspect of the company, HP may find that this venture will become as profitable as the imaging and printing department in the long-run. With the announcement of this spin-off, their share of US PC shipment increased from 25.4% to 28.9%. This positive reaction from consumers is an early indicator of possible success as a result of placing resources to build up the PC technology department. Cloud computing is a fairly new concept in which resources and software are delivered through a network, mainly over the Internet. As this is market quickly growing in demand, HP’s introduction of HP Cloud Assure is a great opportunity for future prosperity. With success comes o pportunities of threats, and Hewlett-Packard is no exception. With projected decrease in information technology (IT) in the near future, an increase in demand for non PC devices, and competitors with more diversified portfolios, HP’s threats are numerous. Industry analysts have projected a decrease of IT in upcoming quarters which will decrease HP’s profitability. HP has already witnessed a decrease in consumer spending during last quarter’s back-to-school spending. If analyst projections prove to be true, changes will quickly need to be made. As more and more consumers are entering the non PC device era, HP is losing a segment of the market with their inability to provide products for this demand. HP’s more diversified competitors such as Dell and Samsung are able to easily capture the demand for these tablets. Future of the Company Through the case study, present-day SWOT analysis, and outside research conducted on Hewlett-Packard, the group has concluded that the company will remain constant, but unless strategies are implemented to answer more consumer demands, they may lose market share. New CEO Meg Whitman has a technology visionary that will shift HP’s focus to answering consumer demands. Her leadership capabilities and projections for company future are a desirable mix for a company to achieve sustainable future relevance. With the implementation of HP Cloud Assure, a new venture capitalizing on the growing consumer interest of cloud computing, HP is already adapting to answering the demands of consumers. As long as the company continues to anticipate and provide the products and services desired, sustainability will be maintained. Questions 1. What are the strategic challenges that HP is facing? Strategic challenges: Cost- reduction initiatives that included â€Å"difficult but necessary voluntary- severance programs† and manufacturing consolidations. â€Å"Unacceptably high expense growth† contributed to a decline in earnings from operations and net earnings. HP had a weak macroeconomic environment and competitive price pressures that led to slumping sales. Management was unable to keep pace of the changing market conditions which were a key contributor. HP management failed to follow Dell’s lead in adopting a low- cost, Internet based direct sales channel to offset its reliance on the retail channel. * Accelerating growth in existing businesses * Streamlining the existing decentralized operating model to fuel growth opportunities * Implementing a â€Å"total customer experience† approach * Taking advantage of HP’s strong balance sheet and cash generation capability to fund new growth initiatives * Leveraging HP’s market position * Creating e- services ecosystems and placing HP at the center 2. Is the proposed merger likely to address these challenges? Benefits from the merger included personal systems, improved economics, and innovation. HP management believed that the combined company would have a lower cost structure due to economies of scale. HP would also be able to leverage Compaq’s progress in developing a direct sales channel, yielding a more flexible distribution model. Complementary leadership in key markets: Compaq’s strength in industry standard servers, coupled with HP’s Linus and UNIX offerings, would result in an industry- leading product line spanning the entire server category. By adding HP’s strength in high- end storage, the combined company would be the industry leader in both the enterprise storage segment and the fastest growing sub-segment storage area networks. Doubling HP’s sales force, the merger would allow HP to increase account coverage and better compete for important customer engagements around the world. IT Services: Strengthened Business Provides Critical Mass in Key Growth Market- Management believed the merger would significantly strengthen HP and Compaq’s combined services business for several reasons. Financial Benefits- As predicted the merger would yield $2.5 billion in annual cost saving by mid-2004. Yes, we do believe the proposed merger is likely to address the challenges HP faces. 3. How do you interpret the market’s reaction to the proposal deal? We interpret the market’s reaction to the proposed deal to be negative. Just two months of the Merger announcement, HP’s share price trailed the preannouncement level by 27%, representing a loss of $12.3 billion of market share value at the same time comparable companies increased 9.9%. 4. If you were a shareholder of HP, how would you vote on the deal? If we were shareholders of HP, we would vote against the deal. It is obvious the company is losing a great deal of money at the same time other companies in the same industry are making money. The merger is not looking out for the best interest of the shareholders so we would not vote for the merger. Sources Bloomberg Businessweek http://www.businessweek.com/news/2011-10-12/hewlett-packard-gains-pc-market-share-after-mulling-spinoff.html CNN Money http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2005/02/07/8250437/index.htm http://money.cnn.com/2011/09/22/technology/hp_ceo_fired/index.htm Hewlett-Packard Website http://www.hp.com/hpinfo/newsroom/press/2009/090331xa.html Hewlett-Packard Case Study â€Å"Hewlett-Packard – Compaq: The Merger Decision† Marketing Research http://www.marketing–research.com/marketing/swot-analysis-hewlett-packard Jennifer Brown Synopsis The process of completing this assignment has helped me discover how to view business decisions in a more analytical way. When approaching this one it seemed overwhelming at first. I began pulling outside sources and background information that helped me gain a better understanding of the project at hand. That extra research was very useful in explaining what the companies were going through and giving different perspectives as to why. I was able to apply what I have learned in my accounting classes when the case study and articles referred to financial ratios and provided financial reports. That was helpful when trying to answer the questions assigned. Working with a group was also beneficial because there were several times my group members made great points that I may have missed working alone. Our group has met several times since the project has been assigned. I have been present at each meeting. Before we met the first time we decided we would read the case study in full to have an understanding of what we would need to do. Our first meeting we discussed the case study and our stance on what HP should do. We also discussed the questions within the case study and started our outline for our power point. Outside of the meeting I researched articles to gain background information. Our group had several more meetings at which we outlined our strategy report and assigned each person a portion of the report. When we were finished with our portion we would submit it to the rest of the group for proofreading. Everybody completed their task as set and we came together as a group and finalized the report. I, as well as the other members of the group, contributed to the makeup and layout of both the strategy report and the power point. Charnele Hodge Synopsis Being that this has been my first time in a group doing a strategy report on a company, I took away a few key elements. I have learned, understood, and properly used the purpose of a SWOT Analysis. I know this form of analysis will be used in my future endeavors, so I know it will be very beneficial to me. Also, I learned while in a group setting how to effectively achieve a SWOT Analysis to inform and persuade others to understand and see our point-of-view on our particular position. As a Business Management major, this group project has helped me realize that in not every group setting, that there needs to be a set leader. In my group, I felt that everyone meshed well with each other and there was not a constant need for someone to be in charge. Every group member knew what was at stake and that being at meetings and pulling her part in the group was essential. My individual contribution to the group was making sure that I gave my opinion on the different positions that we would be taking on the SWOT Analysis. I made it my individual objective to make sure that I pulled my part in completing each and every task that I volunteered to work on, that it was done properly, as well as completed on time. Being a Business Management major, I believe I helped bring balance among my other peers that are majoring in different genres in the college of business. I took a more realistic, rational approach to the group, in who would be better fit for particular objectives. Sakina Middleton Synopsis Conducting a strategy report required using resources from all aspects of my undergraduate studies. I was able to read the Hewlett-Packard and Compaq merger decision and understand the different aspects used to compile the information. In utilizing marketing concepts, I was able to conduct a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis of Hewlett-Packard’s present company structure. My management background allowed for an understanding of company decisions made, such as whether to undergo a merger. Finally, the accounting knowledge I have acquired thus far has enabled me to read and comprehend the many financial statements used to decide which options should be made based on the factual numbers provided. Overall, my primary takeaway was my ability to read, comprehend, and analyze a case study regarding two merging companies with the knowledge and education provided by Savannah State University’s College of Business Administration. Throughout this project I was able to increase my ability to problem solve in a group of my colleagues. No one group is perfect, but the communication skills I have acquired allowed me to handle all situations appropriately and in a timely fashion. For this strategy report, I was responsible for arranging all group meetings regarding the collection and accumulation of information for the paper. I was the initiator of correspondence and also the channel of delivery for every member’s designated portion of the paper. My personal contribution includes the compilation on the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the present-day company Hewlett-Packard. I was also responsible for the editing of the final paper. Summer Wilcox Synopsis In March 2002, Hewlett- Packard’s current CEO and president, Carleton Firiona announced the acquiring of HP’s rival company, Compaq Computer. The merging of the two companies was designed to put Hewlett- Packard/Compaq in a position to challenge one of its top leaders in the industry, IBM. The merger was also designed to create a global technology powerhouse that would provide consumers with products and services demanded by profitable enterprise customers. After reading over the case, I started to feel like the merger was not going to be a success. The merger presented itself to be too risky. Although Hewlett Packard was aiming to become the industry’s leader by expanding into new markets, the idea of the merger just didn’t seem to look out for the best interest of the company. Management felt that HP and Compaq needed to improve their whole business structure to effectively compete with Dell which was the industry’s leader. They also felt that HP and Compaq’s leadership would complement each other in key markets such as the enterprise storage segment and storage area networks, and by having a broader portfolio of products and services. Management believed that HP and Compaq had a weak combination of products and services, and merging would strengthen that area. While some thought that the merger would be a success to Hewlett- Packard, there were some who were against it. Among those few were the director and son of HP cofounder William Hewlett, Walter Hewlett. Walter Hewlett was HP’s second largest shareholder and had a very powerful, important voting privilege of HP. Walter was against the merger for 4 main reasons. He felt the proposed merger would be worse, the integration risk of the proposed merger would be substantial, the financial impact on HP’s stockholders would remain negative, and the position of the company would not improve. I agree with opposing the merger of HP and Compaq. They knew from the beginning stages that the merger was going to be risky. Shareholders would lose and ample amount of value on their shares. Stockholders would get a very small amount of the combined company’s contribution to earnings. The merger would drown the stockholder’s interest in the imaging and printing business which is the most profitable of HP already. The merger would not improve the position of the company. Furthermore, HP had no experience with handling a merger of that size. All HP had to do was invest and focus more on the printing and imaging part of the company. The printing and imaging varied in low-end printers and supplies to commercial printing solutions. Instead of taking such a risky acquisition, they could have focused on something that proved already successful for the business. My contribution to the overall strategy report was to research where HP stands now. I also found official documents filed by both HP and Compaq to the SEC about the planned merger. The documents further explained forward- looking statements, assumptions, uncertainties, and risk of the planned merger between the two companies.